Filipino is spoken nationwide by more than 82 million people and is the country's official national language. It is based on Tagalog and is widely used in government, education, and media.
Cebuano, also known as Bisaya or Binisaya, is spoken by over 20 million people across the Visayas, Mindanao, and parts of Luzon. It is the most widely spoken regional language in the Philippines.
Both Filipino and Cebuano are Austronesian languages and use similar grammatical constructions. Cebuano follows a verb-subject-object (VSO) order, which is also common in Filipino, though less strictly applied.
Both languages use the Latin alphabet and are phonetic in writing. Cebuano contains unique vocabulary, verb forms, and particles that distinguish it from Tagalog-based Filipino.
Cultural similarities are strong—both languages reflect traditions of bayanihan (communal unity), respect for elders, Catholic devotion, and hospitality. Politeness markers in Cebuano, like "ba", "lagi", or "bitaw", enrich conversational nuance, just as "po" and "opo" do in Filipino.